BAT Ceramic Manufacturing Industry / BREF Final Draft 04.2026 (CER BREF)

BAT Ceramic Manufacturing Industry / BREF FD 04.2026 (CER BREF)

ID 27102 | 15.09.2026 / Attached

Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for the Ceramic / Manufacturing Industry Directive 2010/75/EU on Industrial and Livestock Rearing Emissions (Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control)

BAT Ceramic Manufacturing Industry / BREF Final Draft 04.2026 (CER BREF)
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This BAT reference document (BREF) concerns the following activities specified in Annex I to Directive 2010/75/EU as amended by Directive (EU) 2024/1785/EU:

3.5. Manufacture of ceramic products by firing, in particular roofing tiles, bricks, refractory bricks, tiles, stoneware or porcelain with:
(a) a production capacity exceeding 75 tonnes per day; and/or
(b) a kiln capacity exceeding 4 m3 and a setting density per kiln exceeding 300 kg/m3

6.11. Independently operated treatment of waste water not covered by Directive 91/271/EEC provided that the main pollutant load originates from the activities covered by this document.
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This document also covers the following:

- Directly associated activities such as spray drying and calcining of raw materials.
- The co-incineration of waste in ceramic manufacturing kilns and the on-site reuse of residues and recovery of waste.
- The combined treatment of waste water from different origins provided that the main pollutant load originates from the activities covered by these BAT conclusions and that the waste water treatment is not covered by Directive 91/271/EEC.
- On-site combustion processes that are directly associated with the activities covered by these BAT conclusions, provided that the gaseous products of combustion come into direct contact with objects or materials (e.g. in heating, drying, any other treatment of objects or materials).

This document does not cover the following:

- The quarrying of raw materials (e.g. clays).
- On-site combustion plants, generating hot gases that are not used for direct contact heating, drying or any other treatment of objects or materials. These may be covered by the BAT conclusions for Large Combustion Plants (LCP) or by Directive (EU) 2015/2193 of the European Parliament and of the Council.
- Waste incineration; this may be covered by the BAT conclusions for Waste Incineration (WI).
- Waste treatment; this may be covered by the BAT conclusions for Waste Treatment (WT).
- The manufacturing of glass ceramics, the production of refractory ceramic fibres and the production of frits; these may be covered by the BAT conclusions for the manufacture of glass (GLS).
- The porcelain/vitreous enamelling of metals; this may be covered by the BAT conclusions for the Surface Treatment of Metals and Plastics (STM). 

Other reference documents which could be relevant for the activities covered by these BAT conclusions include the following:

- Production of Cement, Lime and Magnesium Oxide (CLM), for the production of magnesium oxide;
- Monitoring of Emissions to Air and Water from IED Installations (ROM).

The BAT conclusions in this document apply without prejudiceto other relevant legislation, e.g. on the registration, evaluation, authorisation and restriction of chemicals (REACH), on classification, labelling and packaging of substances and mixtures (CLP), on energy efficiency (energy efficiency first principle), on the European Union emissions trading system. 

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Collegati
BAT Ceramic Manufacturing Industry / BREF Draft 11.2024
Direttiva 2010/75/UE
Tabella Documenti BREF / BAT Direttiva IED (2010/75/UE)
Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for the Ceramic Manufacturing Industry