Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for Waste Incineration Industrial Emissions

JRC  2019

Directive 2010/75/EU (Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control)

Unless otherwise stated, references to 'the Directive' in this document refer to Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on industrial emissions (integrated pollution prevention and control) (Recast). The original best available techniques (BAT) reference document (BREF) on Waste Incineration was adopted by the European Commission in 2006. This document is the result of a review of that BREF. The review commenced in May 2014. This BAT reference document for Waste Incineration forms part of a series presenting the results of an exchange of information between EU Member States, the industries concerned, non-governmental organisations promoting environmental protection and the Commission, to draw up, review and, where necessary, update BAT reference documents as required by Article 13(1) of the Directive. This document is published by the European Commission pursuant to Article 13(6) of the Directive. As set out in Article 13(5) of the Directive, the Commission Implementing Decision 2019/2010/EU on the BAT conclusions contained in Chapter 5 was adopted on 12 November 2019 and published on 3 December 2019 as Decision (EU) 2019/2010 of 12 November 2019.

The Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document (BREF) for Waste Incineration is part of a series of documents presenting the results of an exchange of information between EU Member States, the industries concerned, non-governmental organisations promoting environmental protection, and the Commission, to draw up, review and – where necessary – update BAT reference documents as required by Article 13(1) of Directive 2010/75/EU on Industrial Emissions (the Directive). This document is published by the European Commission pursuant to Article 13(6) of the Directive.

The BREF for Waste Incineration covers the disposal or recovery of waste in waste incineration plants and waste co-incineration plants, and the disposal or recovery of waste involving the treatment of slags and/or bottom ashes from the incineration of waste. Important issues for the implementation of Directive 2010/75/EU in the waste incineration (WI) sector include emissions to air, emissions to water, and the efficiency of the recovery of energy and of materials from the waste.

Chapter 1 provides general information on the WI sector.
Chapter 2 provides information on the common processes and general techniques that are applied across the WI sector for: the pre-treatment, storage and handling of different types of waste; the thermal treatment; energy recovery; flue-gas cleaning; waste water treatment; and the treatment of solid residues.
Chapter 3 reports the current ranges of the emission and consumption levels reported in the WI sector.
Techniques to consider in the determination of BAT (i.e. techniques that are widely applied in the WI sector) are reported in Chapter 4.
Chapter 5 presents the BAT conclusions as defined in Article 3(12) of the Directive. Chapter 6 presents information on 'emerging techniques' as defined in Article 3(14) of the Directive.
Chapter 7 contains concluding remarks and recommendations for future work.

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